Tuesday, June 26, 2018

Vaporizing Cannabinoids

The civilized alternative to combusting Cannabis flowers
by Maxwell Jones I’ve noticed that when most Alaskans think of vaporizing their Cannabis, they’re thinking of dabbing concentrates. But there’s a whole subculture based around vaporizing herbs, and quite a variety of both portable and plug-in vaporizing devices are available. In this article I will go over some of the many benefits of vaporizing, and discuss the devices themselves. As a bit of background, I combusted for many years. I favored joints, one-hitters and bongs, for the most part. I later evolved into a full-time ‘vaper’, even before I was using medically.

Vaporizing is different from smoking. When you smoke you are burning your precious flowers, to be able to inhale their Cannabinoid particles from the resulting smoke. The main benefits are convenience, and instant effects. With vapor, the effects are still instantaneous but what you're inhaling is more of the particles you're actually after, suspended in water vapor. Basically the material is heated to its boiling point, and the vapor is released. It's a cleaner experience. There’s other benefits. For the health conscious, or medical users, vaporizing bypasses many of the toxic by-products of combustion, like benzine and carbon monoxide; there are many others, but these are two dangerous carcinogens. As we all know, secondhand smoke is objectionable to many human beings. Water vapor is much less objectionable than smoke for them. Vaporizing is best for medical patients, not only because of the reduced harshness to your lungs, but because of the precise dosage control that’s available. This can also help with economy of use, as it’s possible for those with lowered tolerance to “microdose”. You can also control what type of Cannabinoids you want to consume, by varying the temperature of your vaporizer. For example if it’s early in the day you might want to go with a cooler vaping temperature, as these temperatures typically just grab the terpenes, trichomes and some of the THC to lift your mood. Then come back later at night with a higher temperature, to get the sedating CBD/CBN out of those same flowers and into your receptors.

Some vaporizers have actual temperature adjustments, some just let you vary the power, and with many others you can control the temperature by varying the force of your inhalation, or draw speed. Then there’s the flame-powered models, which are the most “manual”. Finally, there’s the taste. If you really want to appreciate the subtleties of various strain flavors, you’ll want to refrain from lighting them on fire first. It’s the connoisseur's difference! There’s a lot of Cannabis-orientated vaporizers available, and the number of available models is always growing. Most vaporizers are electric, and they are divided between portable and plug-in ‘desktop’ models. Two of the original desktop stalwarts are still popular: 7th Floor’s Silver Surfer, and Storz & Bickel’s Volcano. These two vapes are very different in actual use however. As a quick sidenote, there’s two ways to vaporize for the most part. The first is with conductive heat, which transfers heat directly to the material. This is how one cooks on a stovetop, or how concentrates are typically vaporized. The other way is with convective heat, where heated air is forced through the material. This is usually preferred for taste and Cannabinoid control. There are a couple of supposed inductive vaporizers available, but they are out of the mainstream. There’s also quite a few vaporizers that utilize both conductive and convective heat.

The Volcano uses this combination of conduction and convection, and a unique delivery method that fills balloons, or bags with vapor, then you inhale the vapor from them. It’s not cheap and it’s hard to microdose, but it will extract every bit of your goodies into every bag reliably. Storz & Bickel also makes a direct-draw plug-in vaporizer called the Plenty, that’s excellent. It also uses combination heat, and can be adapted for S&B’s dosing capsules like the Volcano can. The Silver Surfer is a convection device where you inhale through a hose, but all the parts that touch the herb are glass except for the screens. You can also run that hose into a waterpipe to cool your vapor before inhalation. 7th Floor has also come out with some variations on the SS: there’s a budget version called Da Buddha, a hand-held version called Light Saber, and they even have a Super Surfer now, that can blow up balloons (kind of) like the Volcano. Other, newer desktop vapes of note include Vape Exhale’s Evo, and the Herbalizer. Newvape is another manufacturer grabbing a lot of marketshare with its modular Flowerpot system, which lets you combine an e-nail concentrate experience with the densest flower vapor available. While there’s many other desktop vaporizers available, the ones I mentioned above represent the best quality and are the most proven, in my humble opinion. But there’s many other opinions out there; I would say that fuckcombustion.com (sorry!) and reddit’s r/vaporents are the best forums for users to compare notes on various vaporizers, and vaporizing issues. As far as portables go, one of my favorite entry-level units is Dynavap’s Vapcap. It’s the perfect device for converting from ‘dugout/one-hitter’ use, as it has the exact same form factor, uses a lighter for power, and Dynavap sells the same type of wooden stash to re-make the kit. The Vapcap M is a great entry-level conduction vaporizer, and it can be found for $50 - $60. If you want a portable flame-powered convection vaporizer, Sticky Brick Lab’s offerings have been quite popular. I’ve tried one of their predecessor’s units, called the Daisy, and it’s a surprisingly civilized experience once you get past the whole using a torch thing. There’s some other flame-powered portables, notably Vapor Genie’s pipes and the Lotus system. Most portable vapes use electricity, meaning batteries. Storz & Bickel make two called Crafty and Mighty. The Crafty uses one powerful battery and the Mighty uses two. I say powerful because these are the batteries typically used in e-cig ‘mods’. These vapes are like desktops they’re so powerful, and there’s more difference than just the battery even if they vape the same. The Crafty uses Bluetooth, which some like but many users don’t want their inhale count and other usage information on the internet, available for harvest. The Mighty has also proven to be more reliable than the crafty. They use S&B’s dosing capsules without an adapter. There’s many other portable vapes. Arizer makes some good entry-level units, based on their proven Solo technology. While they’re not heavy hitters, they have been proven reliable over the years. 7th Floor makes a battery-powered portable unit that I wouldn’t recommend, but they also have a flame-powered portable called the ELEV8R that’s been garnering rave reviews. There’s a whole bunch of what I call Chinese ‘commodity’ vaporizers. For the most part, they seem to be getting better. While they’re more affordable, they can also be less reliable, and contacting many of these makers for help or repairs if anything goes wrong can be an exercise in frustration. But the main reason I don’t recommend most of them is they can be unsafe to use. The plastic can offgas if it’s substandard, or in the vapor path, or both. There’s other hazards if corners are cut. Sometimes there's even counterfeits of the major brand name units, with even less standards and obviously no warranty coverage. But there are some decent brands, if you want to check them out look for Haze and Boundless. There’s also one by Healthy Rips called the Fury, that seems to be the hot commodity portable vape of the moment. The last major category of portable vapes are the craft units. Some of them are modular, and attach to the aforementioned e-cig battery ‘mod boxes’ for power. They are for hobbyists for the most part, and usually have a waiting list, but there’s one coming to the mass market soon. It’s made by a company called RastaBuddhaTao, and it’s called the Splinter. I managed to get a hold of a beta unit and love it. It will screw onto any mod box that uses ‘510’ threading. These battery mod boxes can also power a variety of mass-produced concentrate atomizers, or ‘coils’ like a wax pen would use. That’s why it’s called modular, they adapt to varied use. RastaBuddhaTao also makes the other kind of craft vaporizer, the self-contained wooden type. He’s got one for sale called the Milaana, it’s a manual pure convection unit that’s on it’s second major iteration. I think it’s actually called the Milaana II now. They’ve been around for a few years now, and you can find models made out of exotic wood for something special. If you go to the internet forums mentioned above, there’s plenty of other craft-type vapes out there, where you get to interact with the maker and sometimes need to pay in advance. I don’t recommend starting out with this but you can get some artistic, functional gems this way. A good vaporizer can cost a fair bit of $, but Cannabis isn’t a cheap activity. A growing body of stoners and medical users are finding the investment to be worth it, for many of the same reasons. It’s the civilized, connoisseur's alternative to combusting those precious herbs.
Until Cannabis is regulated like carrots, Max’s dreams will remain sleeping.



Tuesday, June 5, 2018

What’s up with Hemp?

Alaska’s newest Cannabis frontier getting industrial-strength support

By Herb Growell


What’s up with Hemp? I’m glad you asked!

Here in Alaska, Governor Walker recently signed Senate Bill 6 (SB6) into law. 

What’s SB6?
"An Act relating to the regulation and production of industrial hemp; relating to industrial hemp pilot programs; providing that industrial hemp is not included in the definition of 'marijuana'; providing that cannabidiol oil is not included in the definition of 'hashish oil'; clarifying that adding industrial hemp to food does not create an adulterated food product; and providing for an effective date."

Wait, so Hemp isn’t ‘marijuana’? 
Yes, and no. Hemp is a variety of Cannabis, but it’s not psychoactive because it doesn’t contain a clinically significant amount of the cannabinoid THC. I personally dislike the word 'marijuana' because it’s a misnomer, originally a slang term used by Mexicans to describe Cannabis Sativa and Cannabis Indica, the two varieties of Cannabis that contain THC and are typically smoked for their psychoactive effects. 

Hemp is actually Cannabis Ruderalis, the third and the only variety of cannabis that can be theoretically farmed year-round outdoors in Alaska. Besides its myriad industrial uses, it contains copious amounts of a non-psychoactive cannabinoid called CBD (Cannabidiol), which is becoming widely recognized by the medical community for its many therapeutic effects. This makes Hemp a true cash crop, and its oil a commodity that can be processed locally, then exported around the world.

Hemp has been an integral part of America since the earliest days of the colonists. Indeed, Hemp arrived in Colonial America with the Puritans, and was even used for fiber in the lines, sails and caulking of the Mayflower. British sailing vessels were never without a store of Hemp seed, and Britain’s colonies in the Americas were compelled by law to grow Hemp. After the revolution, America’s Founding Fathers would continue this tradition, one that remained in place through World War II, even though 'marijuana' was prohibited by U.S. law in 1937.

US Hemp expansion challenged by lack of trade protection

Unfortunately, it’s not all smooth sailing for Hemp, even as Alaska joins other states like California, Colorado, Hawaii, Indiana, Kentucky, Maine, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oregon, Utah, Vermont and West Virginia in passing laws allowing for “industrial Hemp farming for research and/or commercial purposes”. This is because there are still restrictions for imports and exports in the 2014 Farm Bill, which “allows the importation of viable Hemp seeds from other countries – but doesn’t extend agricultural trade protection to them. The result? The United States has become a dumping ground for inferior Hemp seeds.

Exports are problematic as well; American Hemp seed producers say there’s an insatiable global market for American-grown CBD products derived from Hemp, not ‘marijuana’. But U.S. Customs officials routinely seize these Cannabidiol products regardless of the source, leading producers to label exports as “Hemp Oil” or even vaguer names to avoid interception.

Our President’s a businessman, and global opportunities abound in Hemp! While our domestic Hemp industry was worth $688 million in 2016, this market is expected to grow to $1.8 billion by 2020. American Hemp farmers really need Trump’s support right now as the industry is exploding worldwide – without the trade protections afforded to other crops.

Hemp industry loses case against DEA, industry in peril

While 14 forward-thinking U.S. States are trying to seize an early opportunity with Hemp, a federal appeals court sided with the Drug Enforcement Administration and upheld its decision that CBD is a Schedule 1 controlled substance. This is a major setback for American Hemp! This decision was just issued Monday by the 9th Circuit Court, means that Hemp producers can only sell cannabidiol where it is allowed under state law. It also meant that CBD is no longer “50 state legal”, and that anybody selling it is in violation of federal law.

CBD producers who brought the case vowed to appeal. It started in 2016, when the DEA issued a “clarifying rule” stating that CBD is an illegal drug, because it is extracted from ‘marijuana flowers’. Hemp producers argued that CBD can also be extracted from legal Hemp flowers, and there’s no way to tell whether extracted CBD comes from marijuana or from Hemp. 

These CBD producers also argued that the DEA was attempting to add a new substance to the Controlled Substances Act, which it cannot do. The DEA said the extract rule was simply a clarification of existing law and that it “makes no substantive change to the government’s control of any substance.” The three-judge panel of the 9th Circuit agreed. Their decision means that the DEA was within its authority to clarify CBD as a “marijuana extract.”

CBD’s legal status remains confusing – for the DEA, and the judges


But wait, there’s more. Even with this new 9th Circuit ruling that CBD is an illegal drug made from ‘marijuana’, the agency released a statement less than a month later clarifying its position and separating Hemp-derived Cannabidiol from its enforcement. The DEA’s Diversion Control Division explained that CBD from Hemp grown in compliance with federal law falls outside the purview of the Controlled Substances Act. “Such products may accordingly be sold and otherwise distributed throughout the United States without restriction.” 

The agency further clarified that Hemp products such as CBD are legal to import and export. This clarification comes in the wake of a federal court decision upholding the DEA’s position that cannabis extracts, including CBD, are illegal drugs that should be treated the same as ‘marijuana’. But the judges pointed out that the CSA does not limit Hemp grown in compliance with the 2014 Farm Bill, which allows states to experiment with the crop.

The fact that it isn’t possible to tell whether CBD molecules were extracted from Hemp or ‘marijuana’ has led to persistent confusion about the product’s legality.

Earlier this month, Michigan regulators announced CBD will be regulated like medical marijuana. And in Texas, health authorities are mulling a statewide ban on CBD in food products. But the real CBD state battle victory came out of Montana…

Just in time for Montana farmer, Hemp wins federal water battle 

If they follow Farm Bill rules for growing the crop, Hemp farmers may have access to federal water, thanks to a long battle by Montana farmer Kim Phillips, and Montana agriculture authorities to secure water rights from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.

The Montana decision has enormous implications for the nascent Hemp industry across the United States. The Reclamation Bureau is the nation’s largest wholesale supplier of water, and many U.S. farmers rely on it, especially out West. Phillips received her water contract last Wednesday, just days before the deadline to plant Hemp in Montana’s short summer.

Several Western U.S. senators introduced legislation last year to address Hemp and water rights, but the bill languished in committee and was never acted upon.

After losing all 12 acres of Hemp in 2017, Phillips saw her Hemp crop wither and die when federal authorities said they couldn’t let her irrigate. The Reclamation Bureau had said last year that the 2014 Farm Bill didn’t authorize access to federal water rights. But after this latest ruling, the Reclamation Bureau now says that Hemp-related water requests will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis to see if they comply with the 2014 Farm Bill.

What else... How about a celebrity-endorsed CBD product line?

Montel Williams is a well-known talk show host in the U.S., whose outspoken advocacy of cannabis treatments for his multiple sclerosis predates many celebrity branding attempts. But when he caught wind last year that other companies were using his name to imply endorsements for their own CBD products, Williams didn’t just call his lawyers to file a fraud lawsuit. He decided it was time to capitalize on the business of selling CBD products.

While Williams’ lawsuit is still pending, he says the case showed him he may be missing the boat on CBD therapies. He sees Hemp-derived CBD as a possible bridge toward cannabis acceptance amid a patchwork of confusing state regulations about legal THC ratios.

“We’re in this ridiculous never-never land in America” when it comes to cannabis regulations, Williams said. “It’s gotten so ridiculous it’s almost impossible to navigate. But at the same time, there are patients out there suffering, and we know there is some relief that can be had with CBD. It’s like during flu season, some people take zinc pills, some people take vitamin C. There’s no reason you shouldn’t be adding CBD to your daily holistic program.”

Hemp Bible: “The Emperor Wears No Clothes”

While CBD is getting the most press lately, don’t forget the promise of industrial Hemp. Before manufacturing pioneer Henry Ford powered (and build much of) his first automobile with it, he saw Hemp’s potential to “green” power the planet as the world’s most thermodynamically productive biomass crop; Mr. Ford also was also able to forsee the soybean’s potential to feed the world’s livestock, and saw a huge future for both crops.


If you want more info on Cannabis Hemp and its still-unrealized industrial potential, look no further than the immortal Jack Herer’s seminal tome, “The Emperor Wears No Clothes”. Published in 1985, it took 12 years to write, and has gone through 12 editions to date. 

Quoting from the book's back cover:
“If all fossil fuels and their derivatives, as well as trees for paper and construction were banned in order to save the planet, reverse the Greenhouse Effect and stop deforestation; then there is only one known annually renewable natural resource that is capable of providing the overall majority of the world's paper and textiles; meet all of the world's transportation, industrial and home energy needs, while simultaneously reducing pollution, rebuilding the soil, and cleaning the atmosphere all at the same time... and that substance is -- the same one that did it all before -- Cannabis Hemp... Marijuana!”

The book, backed by H.E.M.P. (United States), Hanf Haus (Germany), Sensi Seeds Hash, Marihuana & Hemp Museum, Amsterdam, (Netherlands), and T.H.C., the Texas Hemp Campaign (United States), offers $100,000 to anyone who can disprove the claims within.
Herer’s book title alludes to Hans Christian Andersen's classic fairy tale "The Emperor's New Clothes" (1837). He uses Andersen's story as an allegory for the prohibition of Cannabis.

Irie for Life,
Herb is a long-time Cannabis enthusiast, advocate, evangelist and self-medicating
patient, helping to spread light wherever there is darkness.


Vaporizing Cannabinoids

The civilized alternative to combusting Cannabis flowers by Maxwell Jones I’ve noticed that when most Alaskans think of vaporizing their ...